Creative Photography Activities: Window Portrait

This is a basic indoor portrait with soft window light from one side. You'll need:

- A window that does not face the sun (or it is overcast outside)

- Daylight

- A willing model

Camera Setup

Mode: Aperture Priority (Often shown as Av on the mode wheel)

ISO: 100-400, as low as possible

White Balance: Custom

Aperture: As low as your lens will go. Lower f-numbers mean a larger opening which creates nice fuzzy backgrounds.

Watch out for: The shutter speed. With a low-f-stop, you should not have low shutter speeds (below 1/60 second), but your ambient light and ISO setting will determine that. You may need to stabilize your camera if the shutter speed is lower than 1/60 second.

White Balance Setup: Put the white paper in front of the subject. Take one image of the paper, and make sure it is more grey than pure white in the playback. Then go to your menu, and choose Custom White Balance, and select that image to use as a reference. What you are doing is telling the camera to use the paper (which is grey/white) as the source of the definition of "white". It will then translate all of the other colors to show them correctly in the images taken. This is always preferable to a canned white balance setting, or the brainless "Auto" setting.

The Pose: Position your subject back of the centerline of the window, so a little light falls on the "dark" side of their face. Have them turn their head to look slightly out of the window.

Framing the Image: If you have a zoom lens, you can either be close and "zoomed out" or farther away and "zoomed in". With people portraits, it's usually better to be back and zoom in, as it reduces the size of the nose and other features in the middle of the face. Turn the camera to portrait (tall) orientation, half-press, and look at the read-out. You should get a focus blip where the camera thinks the focus point should be. Move the center point to the closest eye to the camera, and half-press again. Once you get a focus lock, move the camera to recompose the image. You're doing this to cause the tightest focus point to be on the eye closest to the camera. If your camera has live view, ignore it and use the viewfinder. Using the live view encourages poor camera holding technique.

Take the Image: Play back and look for blown-out highlights in the subject's face. Some cameras have the ability to show blown-out highlights as blinking white/black. If the background (out the window) has some, don't worry, but you don't want the face blown out. If you do have white highlights, use the Exposure Compensation to reduce by ? stop to 1 full stop and reshoot.

Analyzing and Improving: Look at the image. Is it exposed well? The window side of the face should be nicely lit, and as it is facing slightly away from the camera, is called the "short side". This is an example of short lighting, where the short side gets the light and the broad side (facing the camera) gets the shadow. If the shadow side is too dark, get a bit of reflective material, be it aluminum foil or white cardboard, and hold it just off of the camera on the dark side. It will reflect a bit of light from the window back to the shadow side and will reduce the contrast or shadow level. Experiment with the subject looking out the window (I call that the "dreamy shot"), and looking at the lens (but still not straight on).

Advanced Tricks: Pull this image into your editor and try converting to black and white using the Channel Mixer tool. Choose 70% red, 15% blue and 15% green, and you'll see a very nice BW image with the skin tones nicely highlighted!